What is the scientific evidence of platelet-rich plasma in musculoskeletal diseases?

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a type of regenerative medicine that uses the body's own cells to promote healing. The approach involves isolating platelets from a patient's blood and then injecting the concentrated platelets into an area of the body that needs to be healed.

Osteoarthritis: Some studies suggest that PRP injections can improve pain and function in mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis, but the quality of these studies varies, and results are mixed. More high-quality, randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the effectiveness of PRP for osteoarthritis.

Tendinopathy: There is some evidence that PRP may be beneficial in treating chronic tendon injuries, such as tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis), Achilles tendinopathy, and jumper's knee (patellar tendinopathy). However, similar to osteoarthritis, the studies have had mixed results and more research is needed.

Muscle injuries: Early studies suggest potential benefits of PRP for muscle injuries, but the evidence is still limited.

Surgery: PRP has been used in various types of surgeries to potentially enhance healing. Some studies show benefits, while others do not.

Fracture healing: Some animal studies suggest PRP may enhance fracture healing, but evidence in humans is limited.

PRP therapy is generally considered safe since it uses the patient's own blood, reducing the risk of allergic reactions or transmission of disease. However, there can still be risks associated with the injection itself, such as infection, nerve damage, or pain at the injection site.

Lastly, PRP preparation protocols can vary greatly, which can also affect the outcomes of the therapy. As with any treatment, it's important to discuss the potential risks and benefits with your rheumatologist or traumatologist.