Raynaud's phenomenon

Raynaud's phenomenon (secondary) is a condition that occurs as a result of an underlying disease, such as scleroderma, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis. Compared to Raynaud's (primary), secondary Raynaud's phenomenon is less common, but usually more severe.


Epidemiology:

Secondary Raynaud's phenomenon affects people of all ages, but is more common in women than in men. It is also more common in people of African or Asian descent. It also occurs more frequently in people over 30 years of age.


Etiopathogenesis:

Secondary Raynaud's occurs as a result of an underlying disease, which may include autoimmune disorders, connective tissue diseases and vascular diseases. In these cases, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, which can cause inflammation and damage to the blood vessels, which in turn leads to the symptoms of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon.


Diagnosis:

The diagnosis of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon involves the identification of an underlying disease that may be causing the symptoms. The physician will perform a complete evaluation of the patient's medical history, as well as a physical examination and diagnostic tests such as blood tests, imaging studies and capillaroscopy to determine the underlying cause.


Treatment:

Treatment of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon focuses on treating the underlying disease. The goal is to reduce inflammation and damage to the blood vessels and improve blood flow. Medications such as ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and vasodilators can help improve circulation. Patients may also need physical therapy to help improve vascular function and reduce pain.