Anatomy of the Shoulder

The shoulder joint is formed by the proximal humerus, scapula and clavicle. It is divided into two articular spaces, the subacromial space and the glenohumeral joint. These two spaces are separated by the rotator cuff tendons.

Shoulder muscles, especially the deltoid and the rotator cuff muscles (supraespinatus, infraespinatus and subescapularis) provide strength and joint movement.

The Glenohumeral ligaments are part of the capsular complex and act as a reinforcements to avoid joint dislocation.