Riambau Alonso Vicente
- Diagnóstico diferencial de los trastornos vasculares del ojo
- Nefropatía diabética
- Enfermedad cerebrovascular
- Enfermedad arterial periférica
- Neuropatía diabética
- Amputaciones
- Pie diabético
- Enfermedad isquémica renal
Glaucoma is the second cause of blindness in the Western hemisphere. It may affect people of any age or sex. Nevertheless, it is more frequent among women than in men and its incidence increases after 40 years of age. In Spain, as in the Western countries, it affects 3% of the population. But it is estimated that only less than half of the affected people are diagnosed: 1%.
Until now, it was believed that glaucoma consisted of an increase in ocular pressure and that this hypertension progressively engenders atrophy of the optic nerve, which, once affected, does not recover and blindness is the irreversible consequence.
The new knowledge acquired has forced us to review all the thinking about glaucoma and new ways of research have been opened. But in all cases, the disorder is believed to be related to blood circulation, whether it by hypertension, hypotension or vasospasms, now that, in all cases, an insufficient irrigation of the optic nerve occurs, because of which, it is not sufficiently irrigated.
It is widely known that the percentage of cerebral ischemic processes that have their origin in stenosed lesions (narrowing lesions, ulcerated or not) or obliterated of the external coronary arteries, fundamentally in the carotid bifurcation, is very high.
Today we have at our disposal non-invasive diagnostic methods capable of detecting narrowing lesions of the arteries before the least neurologic symptomatology appear or simply by screening populations at risk.
The treatment of peripheral artery insufficiency is, in a great part, a surgical problem, and if it is sufficiently critical, often culminates with an amputation. The conservative measures have a limited value.
Vasodilators may be tried, even though frequently the contraction is owing to organic changes in the wall of the vessel and therefore, the vasodilators are ineffective.
These are almost always caused by complications from vascular pathologies derived from a deep diabetic condition.
El pie diabético es una alteración multisistémica, neurológica, vascular, osteoarticular, que si no es precozmente diagnosticada y tratada, conlleva un elevado porcentaje de amputaciones, con gran repercusión personal y laboral para el paciente y un elevado coste sanitario y social.
La Diabetes Mellitus (DM) forma parte de los cuatro factores de riesgo clásicos de las enfermedades arterioscleróticas, junto al tabaquismo, la hipertensión y la hipercolesterolemia.
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