Sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown origin characterized by the formation of non-caseating granulomas in different organs and tissues, especially in the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, skin and joints. The etiology of sarcoidosis is uncertain, although it is thought to be an abnormal immune response to an unknown antigen in genetically susceptible individuals.


Diagnosis:

The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is based on the presence of non-caseating granulomas in at least one site and the exclusion of other diseases that can produce granulomas. Symptoms may vary according to the organs affected, but may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, cough, chest pain, skin rashes and vision problems.


Treatment:

Treatment of sarcoidosis depends on the severity of the disease and the organs affected. In many cases, sarcoidosis is asymptomatic and does not require treatment. In more severe cases, corticosteroids may be used to control inflammation and granuloma formation. Immunosuppressive drugs may also be useful in severe or corticosteroid-resistant cases. Specific symptoms, such as eye problems, may require specialized treatments.