Diabetic foot is one of the most severe complications of diabetes. It occurs when a combination of poor circulation and nerve damage (neuropathy) affects the feet, increasing the risk of wounds, infections, and, in severe cases, amputations.

Prevention: The Key Focus

Most serious problems related to diabetic foot can be avoided with good daily care. Some recommended measures include:

• Inspecting the feet daily for cuts, blisters, redness, or swelling.
• Washing and thoroughly drying the feet, especially between the toes.
• Wearing comfortable and protective footwear; never walk barefoot.
• Carefully trimming nails and consulting a podiatrist in case of ingrown nails or calluses.
• Monitoring blood glucose levels, as good diabetes management reduces complications.
• See Fig. 1 for more recommendations.

Tratamiento prevencion pie diabetico complicado

Fig.1. Recommendations for Preventive Care of Diabetic Foot

Treatment of Complicated Diabetic Foot

When ulcers or infections are already present, treatment must be immediate and multidisciplinary:

• Cleaning and dressing the wounds, often using specialized materials that promote healing.
• Antibiotics if there is an infection.
• Offloading the foot, meaning avoiding pressure on the injured area using splints, special boots, or even rest.
• Revascularization: in cases of poor circulation, it may be necessary to open blocked arteries with angioplasty, stents, or bypass surgery to allow the wound to heal.
• Surgery: in serious injuries, it may be necessary to remove damaged tissue or, in extreme cases, perform a partial amputation to save the patient's life.

Conclusion

Complicated diabetic foot is a serious condition, but many cases can be prevented with daily care, good diabetes control, and regular medical check-ups. In the event of any wound on the foot of a person with diabetes, it is crucial to see a doctor immediately: the sooner treatment begins, the greater the chance of saving the foot and avoiding major complications.